45. IPsec Security Gateway Sample Application

The IPsec Security Gateway application is an example of a “real world” application using DPDK cryptodev framework.

45.1. Overview

The application demonstrates the implementation of a Security Gateway (not IPsec compliant, see the Constraints section below) using DPDK based on RFC4301, RFC4303, RFC3602 and RFC2404.

Internet Key Exchange (IKE) is not implemented, so only manual setting of Security Policies and Security Associations is supported.

The Security Policies (SP) are implemented as ACL rules, the Security Associations (SA) are stored in a table and the routing is implemented using LPM.

The application classifies the ports as Protected and Unprotected. Thus, traffic received on an Unprotected or Protected port is consider Inbound or Outbound respectively.

The application also supports complete IPsec protocol offload to hardware (Look aside crypto accelerator or using ethernet device). It also support inline ipsec processing by the supported ethernet device during transmission. These modes can be selected during the SA creation configuration.

In case of complete protocol offload, the processing of headers(ESP and outer IP header) is done by the hardware and the application does not need to add/remove them during outbound/inbound processing.

For inline offloaded outbound traffic, the application will not do the LPM lookup for routing, as the port on which the packet has to be forwarded will be part of the SA. Security parameters will be configured on that port only, and sending the packet on other ports could result in unencrypted packets being sent out.

The Path for IPsec Inbound traffic is:

  • Read packets from the port.

  • Classify packets between IPv4 and ESP.

  • Perform Inbound SA lookup for ESP packets based on their SPI.

  • Perform Verification/Decryption (Not needed in case of inline ipsec).

  • Remove ESP and outer IP header (Not needed in case of protocol offload).

  • Inbound SP check using ACL of decrypted packets and any other IPv4 packets.

  • Routing.

  • Write packet to port.

The Path for the IPsec Outbound traffic is:

  • Read packets from the port.

  • Perform Outbound SP check using ACL of all IPv4 traffic.

  • Perform Outbound SA lookup for packets that need IPsec protection.

  • Add ESP and outer IP header (Not needed in case protocol offload).

  • Perform Encryption/Digest (Not needed in case of inline ipsec).

  • Routing.

  • Write packet to port.

The application supports two modes of operation: poll mode and event mode.

  • In the poll mode a core receives packets from statically configured list of eth ports and eth ports’ queues.

  • In the event mode a core receives packets as events. After packet processing is done core submits them back as events to an event device. This enables multicore scaling and HW assisted scheduling by making use of the event device capabilities. The event mode configuration is predefined. All packets reaching given eth port will arrive at the same event queue. All event queues are mapped to all event ports. This allows all cores to receive traffic from all ports. Since the underlying event device might have varying capabilities, the worker threads can be drafted differently to maximize performance. For example, if an event device - eth device pair has Tx internal port, then application can call rte_event_eth_tx_adapter_enqueue() instead of regular rte_event_enqueue_burst(). So a thread which assumes that the device pair has internal port will not be the right solution for another pair. The infrastructure added for the event mode aims to help application to have multiple worker threads by maximizing performance from every type of event device without affecting existing paths/use cases. The worker to be used will be determined by the operating conditions and the underlying device capabilities. Currently the application provides non-burst, internal port worker threads. It also provides infrastructure for non-internal port however does not define any worker threads.

    Event mode also supports event vectorization. The event devices, ethernet device pairs which support the capability RTE_EVENT_ETH_RX_ADAPTER_CAP_EVENT_VECTOR can aggregate packets based on flow characteristics and generate a rte_event containing rte_event_vector. The aggregation size and timeout can be given using command line options vector-size (default vector-size is 16) and vector-tmo (default vector-tmo is 102400ns). By default event vectorization is disabled and it can be enabled using event-vector option. For the event devices, crypto device pairs which support the capability RTE_EVENT_CRYPTO_ADAPTER_CAP_EVENT_VECTOR vector aggregation could also be enable using event-vector option.

Additionally the event mode introduces two submodes of processing packets:

  • Driver submode: This submode has bare minimum changes in the application to support IPsec. There are no lookups, no routing done in the application. And for inline protocol use case, the worker thread resembles l2fwd worker thread as the IPsec processing is done entirely in HW. This mode can be used to benchmark the raw performance of the HW. The driver submode is selected with –single-sa option (used also by poll mode). When –single-sa option is used in conjunction with event mode then index passed to –single-sa is ignored.

  • App submode: This submode has all the features currently implemented with the application (non librte_ipsec path). All the lookups, routing follows existing methods and report numbers that can be compared against regular poll mode benchmark numbers.

45.2. Constraints

  • No IPv6 options headers.

  • No AH mode.

  • Supported algorithms: AES-CBC, AES-CTR, AES-GCM, 3DES-CBC, DES-CBC, HMAC-SHA1, HMAC-SHA256, AES-GMAC, AES_CTR, AES_XCBC_MAC, AES_CCM, CHACHA20_POLY1305 and NULL.

  • Each SA must be handle by a unique lcore (1 RX queue per port).

45.3. Compiling the Application

To compile the sample application see Compiling the Sample Applications.

The application is located in the ipsec-secgw sub-directory.

45.4. Running the Application

The application has a number of command line options:

./<build_dir>/examples/dpdk-ipsec-secgw [EAL options] --
                     -p PORTMASK -P -u PORTMASK -j FRAMESIZE
                     -l -w REPLAY_WINDOW_SIZE -e -a
                     -c SAD_CACHE_SIZE
                     -t STATISTICS_INTERVAL
                     -s NUMBER_OF_MBUFS_IN_PACKET_POOL
                     -f CONFIG_FILE_PATH
                     --config (port,queue,lcore)[,(port,queue,lcore)]
                     --single-sa SAIDX
                     --cryptodev_mask MASK
                     --transfer-mode MODE
                     --event-schedule-type TYPE
                     --rxoffload MASK
                     --txoffload MASK
                     --reassemble NUM
                     --mtu MTU
                     --frag-ttl FRAG_TTL_NS
                     --desc-nb NUMBER_OF_DESC

Where:

  • -p PORTMASK: Hexadecimal bitmask of ports to configure.

  • -P: optional. Sets all ports to promiscuous mode so that packets are accepted regardless of the packet’s Ethernet MAC destination address. Without this option, only packets with the Ethernet MAC destination address set to the Ethernet address of the port are accepted (default is enabled).

  • -u PORTMASK: hexadecimal bitmask of unprotected ports

  • -j FRAMESIZE: optional. data buffer size (in bytes), in other words maximum data size for one segment. Packets with length bigger then FRAMESIZE still can be received, but will be segmented. Default value: RTE_MBUF_DEFAULT_BUF_SIZE (2176) Minimum value: RTE_MBUF_DEFAULT_BUF_SIZE (2176) Maximum value: UINT16_MAX (65535).

  • -l: enables code-path that uses librte_ipsec.

  • -w REPLAY_WINDOW_SIZE: specifies the IPsec sequence number replay window size for each Security Association (available only with librte_ipsec code path).

  • -e: enables Security Association extended sequence number processing (available only with librte_ipsec code path).

  • -a: enables Security Association sequence number atomic behavior (available only with librte_ipsec code path).

  • -c: specifies the SAD cache size. Stores the most recent SA in a per lcore cache. Cache represents flat array containing SA’s indexed by SPI. Zero value disables cache. Default value: 128.

  • -t: specifies the statistics screen update interval in seconds. If set to zero or omitted statistics screen is disabled. Default value: 0.

  • -s: sets number of mbufs in packet pool, if not provided number of mbufs will be calculated based on number of cores, eth ports and crypto queues.

  • -f CONFIG_FILE_PATH: the full path of text-based file containing all configuration items for running the application (See Configuration file syntax section below). -f CONFIG_FILE_PATH must be specified. ONLY the UNIX format configuration file is accepted.

  • --config (port,queue,lcore)[,(port,queue,lcore)]: in poll mode determines which queues from which ports are mapped to which cores. In event mode this option is not used as packets are dynamically scheduled to cores by HW.

  • --single-sa SAIDX: in poll mode use a single SA for outbound traffic, bypassing the SP on both Inbound and Outbound. This option is meant for debugging/performance purposes. In event mode selects driver submode, SA index value is ignored.

  • --cryptodev_mask MASK: hexadecimal bitmask of the crypto devices to configure.

  • --transfer-mode MODE: sets operating mode of the application “poll” : packet transfer via polling (default) “event” : Packet transfer via event device

  • --event-schedule-type TYPE: queue schedule type, applies only when –transfer-mode is set to event. “ordered” : Ordered (default) “atomic” : Atomic “parallel” : Parallel When –event-schedule-type is set as RTE_SCHED_TYPE_ORDERED/ATOMIC, event device will ensure the ordering. Ordering will be lost when tried in PARALLEL.

  • --rxoffload MASK: RX HW offload capabilities to enable/use on this port (bitmask of RTE_ETH_RX_OFFLOAD_* values). It is an optional parameter and allows user to disable some of the RX HW offload capabilities. By default all HW RX offloads are enabled.

  • --txoffload MASK: TX HW offload capabilities to enable/use on this port (bitmask of RTE_ETH_TX_OFFLOAD_* values). It is an optional parameter and allows user to disable some of the TX HW offload capabilities. By default all HW TX offloads are enabled.

  • --reassemble NUM: max number of entries in reassemble fragment table. Zero value disables reassembly functionality. Default value: 0.

  • --mtu MTU: MTU value (in bytes) on all attached ethernet ports. Outgoing packets with length bigger then MTU will be fragmented. Incoming packets with length bigger then MTU will be discarded. Default value: 1500.

  • --frag-ttl FRAG_TTL_NS: fragment lifetime (in nanoseconds). If packet is not reassembled within this time, received fragments will be discarded. Fragment lifetime should be decreased when there is a high fragmented traffic loss in high bandwidth networks. Should be lower for low number of reassembly buckets. Valid values: from 1 ns to 10 s. Default value: 10000000 (10 s).

  • --per-port-pool: Enable per ethdev port pktmbuf pool.

    By default one packet mbuf pool per socket is created and configured via Rx queue setup.

  • --vector-pool-sz: Number of buffers in vector pool. By default, vector pool size depeneds on packet pool size and size of each vector.

  • --desc-nb NUMBER_OF_DESC: Number of descriptors per queue pair. Default value: 2048.

The mapping of lcores to port/queues is similar to other l3fwd applications.

For example, given the following command line to run application in poll mode:

./<build_dir>/examples/dpdk-ipsec-secgw -l 20,21 -n 4 --socket-mem 0,2048       \
       --vdev "crypto_null" -- -p 0xf -P -u 0x3             \
       --config="(0,0,20),(1,0,20),(2,0,21),(3,0,21)"       \
       -f /path/to/config_file --transfer-mode poll         \

where each option means:

  • The -l option enables cores 20 and 21.

  • The -n option sets memory 4 channels.

  • The --socket-mem to use 2GB on socket 1.

  • The --vdev "crypto_null" option creates virtual NULL cryptodev PMD.

  • The -p option enables ports (detected) 0, 1, 2 and 3.

  • The -P option enables promiscuous mode.

  • The -u option sets ports 0 and 1 as unprotected, leaving 2 and 3 as protected.

  • The --config option enables one queue per port with the following mapping:

    Port

    Queue

    lcore

    Description

    0

    0

    20

    Map queue 0 from port 0 to lcore 20.

    1

    0

    20

    Map queue 0 from port 1 to lcore 20.

    2

    0

    21

    Map queue 0 from port 2 to lcore 21.

    3

    0

    21

    Map queue 0 from port 3 to lcore 21.

  • The -f /path/to/config_file option enables the application read and parse the configuration file specified, and configures the application with a given set of SP, SA and Routing entries accordingly. The syntax of the configuration file will be explained below in more detail. Please note the parser only accepts UNIX format text file. Other formats such as DOS/MAC format will cause a parse error.

  • The --transfer-mode option selects poll mode for processing packets.

Similarly for example, given the following command line to run application in event app mode:

./<build_dir>/examples/dpdk-ipsec-secgw -c 0x3 -- -P -p 0x3 -u 0x1       \
       -f /path/to/config_file --transfer-mode event \
       --event-schedule-type parallel --event-vector --vector-size 32    \
       --vector-tmo 102400                           \

where each option means:

  • The -c option selects cores 0 and 1 to run on.

  • The -P option enables promiscuous mode.

  • The -p option enables ports (detected) 0 and 1.

  • The -u option sets ports 0 as unprotected, leaving 1 as protected.

  • The -f /path/to/config_file option has the same behavior as in poll mode example.

  • The --transfer-mode option selects event mode for processing packets.

  • The --event-schedule-type option selects parallel ordering of event queues.

  • The --event-vector option enables event vectorization.

  • The --vector-size option specifies max vector size.

  • The --vector-tmo option specifies max timeout in nanoseconds for vectorization.

Refer to the DPDK Getting Started Guide for general information on running applications and the Environment Abstraction Layer (EAL) options.

The application would do a best effort to “map” crypto devices to cores, with hardware devices having priority. Basically, hardware devices if present would be assigned to a core before software ones. This means that if the application is using a single core and both hardware and software crypto devices are detected, hardware devices will be used.

A way to achieve the case where you want to force the use of virtual crypto devices is to only use the Ethernet devices needed (via the allow flag) and therefore implicitly blocking all hardware crypto devices.

For example, something like the following command line:

./<build_dir>/examples/dpdk-ipsec-secgw -l 20,21 -n 4 --socket-mem 0,2048 \
        -a 81:00.0 -a 81:00.1 -a 81:00.2 -a 81:00.3 \
        --vdev "crypto_aesni_mb" --vdev "crypto_null" \
        -- \
        -p 0xf -P -u 0x3 --config="(0,0,20),(1,0,20),(2,0,21),(3,0,21)" \
        -f sample.cfg

45.5. Configurations

The following sections provide the syntax of configurations to initialize your SP, SA, Routing, Flow and Neighbour tables. Configurations shall be specified in the configuration file to be passed to the application. The file is then parsed by the application. The successful parsing will result in the appropriate rules being applied to the tables accordingly.

45.5.1. Configuration File Syntax

As mention in the overview, the Security Policies are ACL rules. The application parsers the rules specified in the configuration file and passes them to the ACL table, and replicates them per socket in use.

Following are the configuration file syntax.

45.5.1.1. General rule syntax

The parse treats one line in the configuration file as one configuration item (unless the line concatenation symbol exists). Every configuration item shall follow the syntax of either SP, SA, Routing, Flow or Neighbour rules specified below.

The configuration parser supports the following special symbols:

  • Comment symbol #. Any character from this symbol to the end of line is treated as comment and will not be parsed.

  • Line concatenation symbol \. This symbol shall be placed in the end of the line to be concatenated to the line below. Multiple lines’ concatenation is supported.

45.5.1.2. SP rule syntax

The SP rule syntax is shown as follows:

sp <ip_ver> <dir> esp <action> <priority> <src_ip> <dst_ip>
<proto> <sport> <dport>

where each options means:

<ip_ver>

  • IP protocol version

  • Optional: No

  • Available options:

    • ipv4: IP protocol version 4

    • ipv6: IP protocol version 6

<dir>

  • The traffic direction

  • Optional: No

  • Available options:

    • in: inbound traffic

    • out: outbound traffic

<action>

  • IPsec action

  • Optional: No

  • Available options:

    • protect <SA_idx>: the specified traffic is protected by SA rule with id SA_idx

    • bypass: the specified traffic is bypassed

    • discard: the specified traffic is discarded

<priority>

  • Rule priority

  • Optional: Yes, default priority 0 will be used

  • Syntax: pri <id>

<src_ip>

  • The source IP address and mask

  • Optional: Yes, default address 0.0.0.0 and mask of 0 will be used

  • Syntax:

    • src X.X.X.X/Y for IPv4

    • src XXXX:XXXX:XXXX:XXXX:XXXX:XXXX:XXXX:XXXX/Y for IPv6

<dst_ip>

  • The destination IP address and mask

  • Optional: Yes, default address 0.0.0.0 and mask of 0 will be used

  • Syntax:

    • dst X.X.X.X/Y for IPv4

    • dst XXXX:XXXX:XXXX:XXXX:XXXX:XXXX:XXXX:XXXX/Y for IPv6

<proto>

  • The protocol start and end range

  • Optional: yes, default range of 0 to 0 will be used

  • Syntax: proto X:Y

<sport>

  • The source port start and end range

  • Optional: yes, default range of 0 to 0 will be used

  • Syntax: sport X:Y

<dport>

  • The destination port start and end range

  • Optional: yes, default range of 0 to 0 will be used

  • Syntax: dport X:Y

Example SP rules:

sp ipv4 out esp protect 105 pri 1 dst 192.168.115.0/24 sport 0:65535 \
dport 0:65535

sp ipv6 in esp bypass pri 1 dst 0000:0000:0000:0000:5555:5555:\
0000:0000/96 sport 0:65535 dport 0:65535

45.5.1.3. SA rule syntax

The successfully parsed SA rules will be stored in an array table.

The SA rule syntax is shown as follows:

sa <dir> <spi> <cipher_algo> <cipher_key> <auth_algo> <auth_key>
<mode> <src_ip> <dst_ip> <action_type> <port_id> <fallback>
<flow-direction> <port_id> <queue_id> <udp-encap> <reassembly_en>

where each options means:

<dir>

  • The traffic direction

  • Optional: No

  • Available options:

    • in: inbound traffic

    • out: outbound traffic

<spi>

  • The SPI number

  • Optional: No

  • Syntax: unsigned integer number

<cipher_algo>

  • Cipher algorithm

  • Optional: Yes, unless <aead_algo> is not used

  • Available options:

    • null: NULL algorithm

    • aes-128-cbc: AES-CBC 128-bit algorithm

    • aes-192-cbc: AES-CBC 192-bit algorithm

    • aes-256-cbc: AES-CBC 256-bit algorithm

    • aes-128-ctr: AES-CTR 128-bit algorithm

    • 3des-cbc: 3DES-CBC 192-bit algorithm

    • des-cbc: DES-CBC 64-bit algorithm

  • Syntax: cipher_algo <your algorithm>

<cipher_key>

  • Cipher key, NOT available when ‘null’ algorithm is used

  • Optional: Yes, unless <aead_algo> is not used. Must be followed by <cipher_algo> option

  • Syntax: Hexadecimal bytes (0x0-0xFF) concatenate by colon symbol ‘:’. The number of bytes should be as same as the specified cipher algorithm key size.

    For example: cipher_key A1:B2:C3:D4:A1:B2:C3:D4:A1:B2:C3:D4: A1:B2:C3:D4

<auth_algo>

  • Authentication algorithm

  • Optional: Yes, unless <aead_algo> is not used

  • Available options:

    • null: NULL algorithm

    • sha1-hmac: HMAC SHA1 algorithm

    • sha256-hmac: HMAC SHA256 algorithm

    • aes-xcbc-mac: AES XCBC MAC algorithm

<auth_key>

  • Authentication key, NOT available when ‘null’ or ‘aes-128-gcm’ algorithm is used.

  • Optional: Yes, unless <aead_algo> is not used. Must be followed by <auth_algo> option

  • Syntax: Hexadecimal bytes (0x0-0xFF) concatenate by colon symbol ‘:’. The number of bytes should be as same as the specified authentication algorithm key size.

    For example: auth_key A1:B2:C3:D4:A1:B2:C3:D4:A1:B2:C3:D4:A1:B2:C3:D4: A1:B2:C3:D4

<aead_algo>

  • AEAD algorithm

  • Optional: Yes, unless <cipher_algo> and <auth_algo> are not used

  • Available options:

    • aes-128-gcm: AES-GCM 128-bit algorithm

    • aes-192-gcm: AES-GCM 192-bit algorithm

    • aes-256-gcm: AES-GCM 256-bit algorithm

  • Syntax: cipher_algo <your algorithm>

<aead_key>

  • Cipher key, NOT available when ‘null’ algorithm is used

  • Optional: Yes, unless <cipher_algo> and <auth_algo> are not used. Must be followed by <aead_algo> option

  • Syntax: Hexadecimal bytes (0x0-0xFF) concatenate by colon symbol ‘:’. Last 4 bytes of the provided key will be used as ‘salt’ and so, the number of bytes should be same as the sum of specified AEAD algorithm key size and salt size (4 bytes).

    For example: aead_key A1:B2:C3:D4:A1:B2:C3:D4:A1:B2:C3:D4: A1:B2:C3:D4:A1:B2:C3:D4

<mode>

  • The operation mode

  • Optional: No

  • Available options:

    • ipv4-tunnel: Tunnel mode for IPv4 packets

    • ipv6-tunnel: Tunnel mode for IPv6 packets

    • transport: transport mode

  • Syntax: mode XXX

<src_ip>

  • The source IP address. This option is not available when transport mode is used

  • Optional: Yes, default address 0.0.0.0 will be used

  • Syntax:

    • src X.X.X.X for IPv4

    • src XXXX:XXXX:XXXX:XXXX:XXXX:XXXX:XXXX:XXXX for IPv6

<dst_ip>

  • The destination IP address. This option is not available when transport mode is used

  • Optional: Yes, default address 0.0.0.0 will be used

  • Syntax:

    • dst X.X.X.X for IPv4

    • dst XXXX:XXXX:XXXX:XXXX:XXXX:XXXX:XXXX:XXXX for IPv6

<type>

  • Action type to specify the security action. This option specify the SA to be performed with look aside protocol offload to HW accelerator or protocol offload on ethernet device or inline crypto processing on the ethernet device during transmission.

  • Optional: Yes, default type no-offload

  • Available options:

    • lookaside-protocol-offload: look aside protocol offload to HW accelerator

    • inline-protocol-offload: inline protocol offload on ethernet device

    • inline-crypto-offload: inline crypto processing on ethernet device

    • no-offload: no offloading to hardware

<port_id>

  • Port/device ID of the ethernet/crypto accelerator for which the SA is configured. For inline-crypto-offload and inline-protocol-offload, this port will be used for routing. The routing table will not be referred in this case.

  • Optional: No, if type is not no-offload

  • Syntax:

    • port_id X X is a valid device number in decimal

<fallback>

  • Action type for ingress IPsec packets that inline processor failed to process. Only a combination of inline-crypto-offload as a primary session and lookaside-none as a fall-back session is supported at the moment.

    If used in conjunction with IPsec window, its width needs be increased due to different processing times of inline and lookaside modes which results in packet reordering.

  • Optional: Yes.

  • Available options:

    • lookaside-none: use automatically chosen cryptodev to process packets

  • Syntax:

    • fallback lookaside-none

<flow-direction>

  • Option for redirecting a specific inbound ipsec flow of a port to a specific queue of that port.

  • Optional: Yes.

  • Available options:

    • port_id: Port ID of the NIC for which the SA is configured.

    • queue_id: Queue ID to which traffic should be redirected.

<udp-encap>

  • Option to enable IPsec UDP encapsulation for NAT Traversal. Only lookaside-protocol-offload and inline-crypto-offload modes are supported at the moment.

  • Optional: Yes, it is disabled by default

  • Syntax:

    • udp-encap

<mss>

  • Maximum segment size for TSO offload, available for egress SAs only. Currently only supports TCP/IP.

  • Optional: Yes, TSO offload not set by default

  • Syntax:

    • mss N N is the segment size in bytes

<telemetry>

  • Option to enable per SA telemetry. Currently only supported with IPsec library path.

  • Optional: Yes, it is disabled by default

  • Syntax:

    • telemetry

<esn>

  • Enable ESN and set the initial ESN value.

  • Optional: Yes, ESN not enabled by default

  • Syntax:

    • esn N N is the initial ESN value

<reassembly_en>

  • Option to enable HW reassembly per SA.

  • Optional: Yes, it is disabled by default

  • Syntax:

    • reassembly_en

Example SA rules:

sa out 5 cipher_algo null auth_algo null mode ipv4-tunnel \
src 172.16.1.5 dst 172.16.2.5

sa out 25 cipher_algo aes-128-cbc \
cipher_key c3:c3:c3:c3:c3:c3:c3:c3:c3:c3:c3:c3:c3:c3:c3:c3 \
auth_algo sha1-hmac \
auth_key c3:c3:c3:c3:c3:c3:c3:c3:c3:c3:c3:c3:c3:c3:c3:c3:c3:c3:c3:c3 \
mode ipv6-tunnel \
src 1111:1111:1111:1111:1111:1111:1111:5555 \
dst 2222:2222:2222:2222:2222:2222:2222:5555

sa in 105 aead_algo aes-128-gcm \
aead_key de:ad:be:ef:de:ad:be:ef:de:ad:be:ef:de:ad:be:ef:de:ad:be:ef \
mode ipv4-tunnel src 172.16.2.5 dst 172.16.1.5

sa out 5 cipher_algo aes-128-cbc cipher_key 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0 \
auth_algo sha1-hmac auth_key 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0 \
mode ipv4-tunnel src 172.16.1.5 dst 172.16.2.5 \
type lookaside-protocol-offload port_id 4

sa in 35 aead_algo aes-128-gcm \
aead_key de:ad:be:ef:de:ad:be:ef:de:ad:be:ef:de:ad:be:ef:de:ad:be:ef \
mode ipv4-tunnel src 172.16.2.5 dst 172.16.1.5 \
type inline-crypto-offload port_id 0

sa in 117 cipher_algo null auth_algo null mode ipv4-tunnel src 172.16.2.7 \
dst 172.16.1.7 flow-direction 0 2

45.5.1.4. Routing rule syntax

The Routing rule syntax is shown as follows:

rt <ip_ver> <src_ip> <dst_ip> <port>

where each options means:

<ip_ver>

  • IP protocol version

  • Optional: No

  • Available options:

    • ipv4: IP protocol version 4

    • ipv6: IP protocol version 6

<src_ip>

  • The source IP address and mask

  • Optional: Yes, default address 0.0.0.0 and mask of 0 will be used

  • Syntax:

    • src X.X.X.X/Y for IPv4

    • src XXXX:XXXX:XXXX:XXXX:XXXX:XXXX:XXXX:XXXX/Y for IPv6

<dst_ip>

  • The destination IP address and mask

  • Optional: Yes, default address 0.0.0.0 and mask of 0 will be used

  • Syntax:

    • dst X.X.X.X/Y for IPv4

    • dst XXXX:XXXX:XXXX:XXXX:XXXX:XXXX:XXXX:XXXX/Y for IPv6

<port>

  • The traffic output port id

  • Optional: yes, default output port 0 will be used

  • Syntax: port X

Example SP rules:

rt ipv4 dst 172.16.1.5/32 port 0

rt ipv6 dst 1111:1111:1111:1111:1111:1111:1111:5555/116 port 0

45.5.1.5. Flow rule syntax

Flow rule enables the usage of hardware classification capabilities to match specific ingress traffic and redirect the packets to the specified queue. This feature is optional and relies on hardware rte_flow support.

The flow rule syntax is shown as follows:

flow <mark> <eth> <ip_ver> <src_ip> <dst_ip> <port> <queue> \
     <count> <security> <set_mark>

where each options means:

<mark>

  • Set RTE_FLOW_ITEM_TYPE_MARK pattern item in the flow rule with the given mark value. This option can be used to match an arbitrary integer value which was set using the RTE_FLOW_ACTION_TYPE_MARK action (see <set_mark>) in a previously matched rule.

  • Optional: Yes, this pattern is not set by default.

  • Syntax: mark X

<eth>

  • Set RTE_FLOW_ITEM_TYPE_ETH pattern item. This matches all ethernet packets.

  • Optional: Yes, this pattern is not set by default.

  • Syntax: eth

<ip_ver>

  • IP protocol version

  • Optional: Yes, this pattern is not set by default.

  • Available options:

    • ipv4: IP protocol version 4

    • ipv6: IP protocol version 6

<src_ip>

  • The source IP address and mask

  • Optional: Yes, default address 0.0.0.0 and mask of 0 will be used

  • Syntax:

    • src X.X.X.X/Y for IPv4

    • src XXXX:XXXX:XXXX:XXXX:XXXX:XXXX:XXXX:XXXX/Y for IPv6

<dst_ip>

  • The destination IP address and mask

  • Optional: Yes, default address 0.0.0.0 and mask of 0 will be used

  • Syntax:

    • dst X.X.X.X/Y for IPv4

    • dst XXXX:XXXX:XXXX:XXXX:XXXX:XXXX:XXXX:XXXX/Y for IPv6

<port>

  • The traffic input port id

  • Optional: yes, default input port 0 will be used

  • Syntax: port X

<queue>

  • The traffic input queue id

  • Optional: yes, default input queue 0 will be used

  • Syntax: queue X

<count>

  • Set RTE_FLOW_ACTION_TYPE_COUNT action.

  • Optional: yes, this action is not set by default.

  • Syntax: count

<security>

  • Set RTE_FLOW_ITEM_TYPE_ESP pattern and RTE_FLOW_ACTION_TYPE_SECURITY action.

  • Optional: yes, this pattern and action are not set by default.

  • Syntax: security

<set_mark>

  • Set RTE_FLOW_ACTION_TYPE_MARK action in the flow rule with the given mark value. This option can be used to set the given integer value(mark) to packets and set RTE_MBUF_F_RX_FDIR and RTE_MBUF_F_RX_FDIR_ID mbuf flags.

  • Optional: yes, this action is not set by default.

  • Syntax: set_mark X

Example flow rules:

flow ipv4 dst 172.16.1.5/32 port 0 queue 0

flow ipv6 dst 1111:1111:1111:1111:1111:1111:1111:5555/116 port 1 queue 0

flow mark 123 ipv4 dst 192.168.0.0/16 port 0 queue 0 count

flow eth ipv4 dst 192.168.0.0/16 port 0 queue 0 count

flow ipv4 dst 192.168.0.0/16 port 0 queue 0 count

flow ipv4 dst 192.168.0.0/16 port 0 queue 0

flow port 0 security set_mark 123

flow ipv4 dst 1.1.0.0/16 port 0 count set_mark 123 security

45.5.1.6. Neighbour rule syntax

The Neighbour rule syntax is shown as follows:

neigh <port> <dst_mac>

where each options means:

<port>

  • The output port id

  • Optional: No

  • Syntax: port X

<dst_mac>

  • The destination ethernet address to use for that port

  • Optional: No

  • Syntax:

    • XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX

Example Neighbour rules:

neigh port 0 DE:AD:BE:EF:01:02

45.6. Test directory

The test directory contains scripts for testing the various encryption algorithms.

The purpose of the scripts is to automate ipsec-secgw testing using another system running linux as a DUT.

The user must setup the following environment variables:

  • SGW_PATH: path to the ipsec-secgw binary to test.

  • REMOTE_HOST: IP address/hostname of the DUT.

  • REMOTE_IFACE: interface name for the test-port on the DUT.

  • ETH_DEV: ethernet device to be used on the SUT by DPDK (‘-a <pci-id>’)

Also the user can optionally setup:

  • SGW_LCORE: lcore to run ipsec-secgw on (default value is 0)

  • CRYPTO_DEV: crypto device to be used (‘-a <pci-id>’). If none specified appropriate vdevs will be created by the script

Scripts can be used for multiple test scenarios. To check all available options run:

/bin/bash run_test.sh -h

Note that most of the tests require the appropriate crypto PMD/device to be available.

45.6.1. Server configuration

Two servers are required for the tests, SUT and DUT.

Make sure the user from the SUT can ssh to the DUT without entering the password. To enable this feature keys must be setup on the DUT.

ssh-keygen will make a private & public key pair on the SUT.

ssh-copy-id <user name>@<target host name> on the SUT will copy the public key to the DUT. It will ask for credentials so that it can upload the public key.

The SUT and DUT are connected through at least 2 NIC ports.

One NIC port is expected to be managed by linux on both machines and will be used as a control path.

The second NIC port (test-port) should be bound to DPDK on the SUT, and should be managed by linux on the DUT.

The script starts ipsec-secgw with 2 NIC devices: test-port and tap vdev.

It then configures the local tap interface and the remote interface and IPsec policies in the following way:

Traffic going over the test-port in both directions has to be protected by IPsec.

Traffic going over the TAP port in both directions does not have to be protected.

i.e:

DUT OS(NIC1)–(IPsec)–>(NIC1)ipsec-secgw(TAP)–(plain)–>(TAP)SUT OS

SUT OS(TAP)–(plain)–>(TAP)psec-secgw(NIC1)–(IPsec)–>(NIC1)DUT OS

It then tries to perform some data transfer using the scheme described above.

45.6.2. Usage

In the ipsec-secgw/test directory run

/bin/bash run_test.sh <options> <ipsec_mode>

Available options:

  • -4 Perform tests with use of IPv4. One or both [-46] options needs to be selected.

  • -6 Perform tests with use of IPv6. One or both [-46] options needs to be selected.

  • -m Add IPSec tunnel mixed IP version tests - outer IP version different than inner. Inner IP version will match selected option [-46].

  • -i Run tests in inline mode. Regular tests will not be invoked.

  • -f Run tests for fallback mechanism. Regular tests will not be invoked.

  • -l Run tests in legacy mode only. It cannot be used with options [-fsc]. On default library mode is used.

  • -s Run all tests with reassembly support. On default only tests for fallback mechanism use reassembly support.

  • -c Run tests with use of cpu-crypto. For inline tests it will not be applied. On default lookaside-none is used.

  • -p Perform packet validation tests. Option [-46] is not required.

  • -h Show usage.

If <ipsec_mode> is specified, only tests for that mode will be invoked. For the list of available modes please refer to run_test.sh.